Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) is still a serious disease, with a high hospital and long-term mortality. However, data on differences between native valve (NV) IE, prosthetic valve (PV) IE and cardiovascular implanted electronic device (CIED) related IE are sparse.
Methods: Retrospective single centre registry on the hospital course and long-term follow-up of patients with IE.
Results: Between 1/2013 and 12/2016, 171 IE patients were treated at our hospital. A follow-up with either patient contact, review of hospital charts or physician contact was performed in 2022. Due to lost to follow-up (n=4) and refusal to participate after discharge (n=1), the final evaluation was performed with 166 patients (97,1%). They were followed-up for a median 2385,0 (between 2156,0 and 2773,0) days.
|
|
NV-IE
n=85
|
PV-IE
n=53
|
CIED-IE
n=33
|
p-value
|
|
Age (years)
|
63±14
|
70±13
|
70±13
|
0,01
|
|
Women
|
28,2%
|
20,8%
|
24,2%
|
ns
|
|
renal failure
|
21,2%
|
41,5%
|
48,5%
|
0,005
|
|
Positive blood cultures
|
78,8%
|
88,7%
|
69,7%
|
ns
|
|
Gram positive strains
|
97%
|
100%
|
96%
|
ns
|
|
In-hospital cardiac surgery
|
87,1%
|
67,9%
|
87,9%
|
0,01
|
|
Hospital mortality
|
23,5%
|
20,8%
|
18,2%
|
ns
|
|
Follow-up (after median 2385 days)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Calculated 1 year mortality
|
27,7%
|
32,0%
|
21,2%
|
ns
|
|
Calculated 3 year mortality
|
43,4%
|
44,0%
|
42,4%
|
ns
|
|
Calculated 5 year mortality
|
53,0%
|
58,0%
|
48,5%
|
ns
|
|
Endocarditis related mortality
|
|
|
|
|
|
Probable/certain
|
66,7%
|
62,9%
|
81,0%
|
|
|
Uncertain
|
11,8%
|
20,0%
|
4,8%
|
|
|
Not related
|
21,6%
|
17,1%
|
14,3%
|
|
|
Re-hospitalisation for recurrent IE
|
75,0%
|
76,0%
|
80,0%
|
ns
|
Conclusions: These data on long-term follow-up after IE show only little differences between NV-IE, PV-IE and CIED-IE, with NV-IE patients being younger and having less co-morbidities. Cardiac surgery was less often performed in PV-IE. However, long-term mortality is similar in all groups, with more than 2/3 of deaths were due to IE. Furthermore, rehospitalisation rates for recurrent IE were also high.
